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The Contemporary Form of the Bektashi Order in Albania, Kosovo and North Macedonia: Sources of Bektashi Spirituality
Korábečný, Martin ; de la Vega Nosek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Štampach, Ivan (referee)
- anglicky The focus of this thesis is folk spirituality of the bektashi order. A field research trip in Albania, Kosovo and North Macedonia has been conducted to show the importance of the category of the Sacred. For this reason the first part of thesis deals with the category of the sacred and the category of spirituality, and contains application of the category of the Sacred on bektashiya. We use the model here proposed by Ninian Smart and Zdeněk Vojtíšek which allows for folk spirituality and individuality of spiritual experience be included within spirituality of subjective experience framework without putting a value on them or limiting them. We see them as part of a larger framework of spirituality where different dimensions can be determined, i.e. sacred presuppositions, rituals, experience, community, ethics, work of art and sacred stories. It is possible to feed human spirituality on different dimensions from various sources. During the field trip the conclusion has been reached that people who draw for their spirituality from bektashi tradition tend to choose certain aspects to include them in their personal spirituality as folk spirituality aspects. Second part of the thesis focuses on their source. Three sources had been determined - local culture, christianity and/or shamanism....
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The conception of the transcendent in the workings of Shihab al-Din Yahya Suhrawardi
KUČERA, Václav
This work deals with the transcendent in the cosmogonal conception of persian mystic and philosopher Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi. In short it discusses his life, works and historicla-cultural context of the arab world in the 12th century. More broadly it deals with the genesis in the philosophy of illumination, the school of ideas of al-Suhrawardi. It analyses the hierarchy of creation from the transcendent creator through the celestial spheres and angelic beings down to the elemental world of matter. It clarifies that the whole process is a continuum and that the Light of lights has even despite his transcendency a direct relationship with everything it creates. Further it contains a few rules given by al-Suhrawardi as a guide to the successful life. At the end of the work is a short treatise about the history of the philosophy of illumination in between the death of al-Suhrawardi and present days.
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Moroccan Religious Policy since 2003
Hrabalová, Lenka ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
MOROCCO'S RELIGIOUS POLICY SINCE 2003 The year 2003 marks a beginning of a new era in moroccan religious policy, which aims at an unification of religious field in the kingdom and a fight against islamic radicalism. Moroccan king Mohammed VI. succeeded in management of both internal and external threats to his kingdom's stability in past twelve years and in a comparison with his counterparts he managed to emerge strengthened out of crisis of the first decade of a new millennium. Main topic of this essay is to map an effort to control moroccan religious scene by state and its achievements and failures.
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Cosmological Themes and Geometric Conception in islamic art
Štojdlová, Tereza ; Šamšula, Pavel (advisor) ; Špičková, Kateřina (referee)
Graduted work "Cosmological Themes and Geometric Conception in islamic art" is about relationship betweewn religion and cosmological themes in philosophy opinions and their influence to fine art. Theoretic part is about signs of islamic art and give a simply look on religious, science, philosophic, generaly cultural and art influences of islamic culture of "Golden Age" to global culture. The next part is about cosmologie. Third part is about influence of cosmological themes to geometric forms in individual examples of fine art. The last part is about expresive interpretation symbols of cosmologii and geometry. Practic part have video form of own dance creative, which is expresive interpretation influenced by theme od diplom work. Pedagogic part is koncept of Art Project for second degree of Basic School (High school) , which is partly documented and reflected in practic works
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Egyptian Mawlids in the Context of Contemporary Sufi Spirituality
Ostřanský, Bronislav
Mawlids – as many-sided religious and social phenomenon – have a long and uninterrupted tradition within Islam. Since uncertain beginnings which can be traced back to the 13th or 14th centuries until the present times their participants have been put together by the identical common motive – the will to express their respect, devoutness and loyalty to a certain saint (walī). Using the popular Muslim parable describing the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj), we might to state that ways and manners of wandering are different, but the Aim is just one. On the example of these religious celebrations we can clearly illustrate to what a degree Islamic mysticism and Muslim folk religiosity are closely interwoven until it is quite impossible study both of them separately (!). In general, celebrations of mawlids connect both religious and profane aspects and up to the present day belong to the most significant sources for our study of the contemporary popular Muslim (not only Egyptian) religiosity.
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